To estimate the approximate height above sea level that chemical warfare agents and toxic gases might reach after being released from the seabed due to an earthquake (as described in Trumpet Number Two), we need to consider several key factors:

Factors Influencing Gas Rise

1. Gas Composition & Density

   • Lighter gases (e.g., hydrogen cyanide, chlorine, and nerve agents in vapor form) rise quickly.
   • Heavier gases (e.g., mustard gas vapors, arsenic-based compounds) are denser and tend to stay lower unless carried by strong air currents.

2. Temperature & Buoyancy

   • Warmer gases rise due to buoyancy, especially if released in warmer waters.
   • If gases interact with seawater and create thermal plumes, they can be carried higher.

3. Seismic & Hydrothermal Activity

   • Underwater earthquakes can trigger methane clathrate release, which may provide additional upward force for gas dispersion.
   • Hydrothermal vents and deep-sea fissures can create heat-driven convective currents, propelling gases upward.

4. Atmospheric & Weather Effects

   • Convection currents (hot air rising) and wind patterns influence vertical gas movement.
   • Storm systems, hurricanes, and cyclones can carry gases even higher into the atmosphere.
   • If gases reach the stratosphere, they could have long-term atmospheric effects.

5. Topography (Mountains, Hills, and Valleys)

   • Gases can be trapped in low-altitude valleys, where they accumulate and increase toxicity.
   • Updrafts on hills and mountains can push gases higher, especially if combined with strong thermal activity.

Modeling the Maximum Height of Gas Dispersal

Step 1: Initial Release Velocity

• If an earthquake opens seabed fissures, gases can be ejected with significant force.
• Assuming a subsea pressure release of 300-1000 psi, gases could exit at speeds of 50-200 m/s (~180-720 km/h).
• Lighter gases (e.g., hydrogen cyanide) will rise almost immediately.
• Heavy agents (e.g., mustard gas) may dissolve in seawater but still create surface-level toxic clouds.

Step 2: Water Column and Surface Escape

• The depth of the release matters:
  • At 100-500 meters, gases reach the surface in minutes.
  • At 2,000+ meters, gases may dissolve, but bubbles and plumes still reach the surface within hours to days.
• Once at the surface, methane release can create fireballs or explosions, potentially propelling gases even higher.

Step 3: Atmospheric Dispersion

• Assuming an average wind speed of 10-30 m/s (36-108 km/h):
  • Gases will spread horizontally within hours, covering hundreds of kilometers.
  • Vertical lift from thermal updrafts could carry gases up to 3-10 km (9,800-32,800 feet, or up to 32,000 feet – the cruising altitude of airliners).
  • Tornadoes or hurricanes could push gases even higher, possibly into the stratosphere (15-20 km or 50,000-65,000 feet).

Step 4: Hill and Mountain Updraft Effects

• If toxic clouds reach mountainous regions, orographic lift can push them upward along slopes.
• Example regions with potential extreme uplift:
  • Himalayas, Andes, Rocky Mountains → Up to 15 km (50,000 feet) in worst-case scenarios.
  • Smaller hills and coastal areas → Typically 1-5 km (3,000-16,000 feet).

Estimated Maximum Height of Toxic Gases

Worst-Case Scenario

If a large-scale earthquake releases vast amounts of chemical agents and methane ignites, creating fire-driven updrafts:

• The gas cloud could reach the stratosphere (15-20 km).
• This could alter weather patterns, similar to volcanic eruptions.
• Toxic fallout might travel globally in weeks to months.

Conclusion

If Trumpet Number Two’s earthquake shakes the seabed, releasing chemical munitions worldwide:

• Toxic clouds will rise between 1-15 km, depending on conditions.
• Mountains and updrafts could push them even higher.
• If combined with storm systems or explosions, they could reach the stratosphere (~20 km) and spread globally.

Would you like a more in-depth calculation with simulation models?

Yes see next page linked to this one.

Far out says Clever Trevor this is far worse than most could imagine!